You are too close to it.

You’ve been involved already, know the people concerned, or need genuine distance from what has happened.


There is a conflict of interest.

The people who would normally investigate are involved, connected to those involved, or may need to make decisions about the findings.


Trust had broken down.

Those involved need confidence that they will be heard and that the process is genuinely independent.

Accounts don’t agree.

Different people describe the same events differently. You need someone to listen carefully, test the evidence and come to a reasonable conclusion.


The issue crosses boundaries.

The concern doesn’t sit neatly within one team, role, or area of responsibility. You need someone able to follow the evidence wherever it leads.


The stakes are high.

The findings may inform significant decisions. You need an investigation whose process, evidence and conclusions can withstand scrutiny.

Sometimes good leadership means stepping back.

You may be perfectly capable of investigating the issue yourself. But capability isn’t the only consideration. Knowing when independence will better serve the people, the process and the decisions that follow matters too.

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